INDONESIAN FLAVOUR IN EVERY CUPS OF COFFEE !
INDONESIA is the fourth largest
producer of coffee in the world. Coffee in this archipelago began with its
colonial history, and has played an important part in the growth of the
country. Indonesia is located within an ideal geography for coffee plantations.
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| EAST JAVA COFFEE PLANTATIONS WITH MOUNT IJEN AS A BACKGROUND |
The longitude and latitude of the
country means that the island origins are all well suited micro-climates for
the growth and production of coffee, resulting in widespread environmental
degradation and the destruction of tropical rainforests that have the highest
concentration of endemic species in the world.
This country produced 420,000
metric tons of coffee in 2007 that came from whole domestic regions with
various taste and quality. Of this total, 271,000 tons were exported and
148,000 tons were consumed domestically. Of the exports, 25% are arabica beans;
the balance is robusta.In general, Indonesia’s arabica coffees have low acidity
and strong body, which makes them ideal for blending with higher acidity
coffees from Central America and East Africa.
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| TORAJA COFFEE PRODUCED FROM SULAWESI PLANTATIONS |
Now coffee crop has been planted
throughout the territory of Indonesia, including Bali but if according to the
history of coffee plants in Indonesia, in the early days, the prominent coffee
under dutch rule was coffea arabica. The coffee was introduced to the archipelago
via Sri lanka (Ceylon). The Dutch colonial government initially planted coffee around Batavia now as known as Jakarta, and as
far South as Sukabumi and bogor - West of Java, in the 17th century.
Coffee plantations were also
established in East Java, Central Java, another regions of West Java and in
parts of Sumatra and Sulawesi. Coffee at the time was also grown in Nusa Tenggara, East Indonesian archipelago such as East Timor and Flores island.
Both of these islands were originally under portuguese control and the coffee
was also c. Arabica, but from different root stocks.
The coffee in eastern Indonesia was not affected to the same degree by rust, and even today, some
coffee in East Timor can be traced back to the 16th and 17th century.
A
rust plague in the late 1880s killed off much of the plantation stocks in
Sukabumi, before spreading to Central Java and parts of East Java. Around the
start of the 20th century, the C. arabica crops were
devastated by coffee rust, wiping out the bulk of the Dutch root-stocks
The
Dutch responded by replacing the C. Arabica firstly with Coffea
liberica (a tough, but somewhat unpalatable coffee) and later with Coffea
robusta. The popularity of this species was short lived as it was also
affected by disease. The C. liberica cherry can still be found
throughout Java, but is seldom used as a commercial crop in Indonesia.
The C. liberica bean is much larger than either the arabica or
the robusta cherry; however, it shares more in common cupping wise with
robusta.
THE MOST EXPENSIVE COFFEE IN THE WORLD
KOPI LUWAK
KOPI LUWAK is the name that used
for marketing brewed coffee made from the
exotic best quality beans . LUWAK is an animal name came from Javanese
language or MUSANG in Bahasa Indonesia means CIVET and KOPI LUWAK means CIVET
COFFEE.
Civet coffee is an unique process
from a cute creatures name Paradoxurus Hermaphroditus or Asian Palm
Civet they choose to eat coffee berries containing better beans. Digestive
mechanisms may improve the flavor profile of the coffee beans that have been
eaten.
The civet eats the berries for the beans' fleshy pulp, then in the
digestive tract, fermentation occurs. The civet's proteolytic enzymes seep into
the beans, making shorter peptides and more free amino acids. Passing through a
civet's intestines the beans are then defecated with other fecal matter and
collected.
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| THE COFFEE PREDATORS HAVE BECOME FRIENDS |
Despite
being in contact with faeces and pathogenic organisms, the beans contain
negligible amounts of the enteric (pathogenic) organisms associated with feces.
Moreover, the "cherry" or endocarp surrounding the bean is not
completely digested by the luwak, and after being collected, the farmer
performs thorough washing and removes the endocarp.
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| BEAUTIFUL SUPERVOLCANO TOBA SURROUNDING BY SUMATRAN COFFEE PLANTATIONS |
Sumatra is the world's largest
regional producer of kopi luwak. Sumatran civet coffee beans are mostly an
early arabica variety cultivated in the Indonesian archipelago since the 17th
century. The major Sumatran kopi luwak production area is in Lampung, Bengkulu
and Aceh especially the Gayo region, Takengon.
Appropriate narrative history,
the origin of kopi luwak is closely connected with the history of coffee
production in Indonesia. In the early 18th century the Dutch established the
cash-crop coffee plantations in their colony in the Dutch East Indies islands
of Java and Sumatra, including Arabica coffee introduced from Yemen. During the
era of Cultuurstelsel (1830—1870), the Dutch prohibited the native farmers and
plantation workers from picking coffee fruits for their own use.
Still, the
native farmers wanted to have a taste of the famed coffee beverage. Soon, the
natives learned that certain species of musang or luwak (Asian Palm Civet)
consumed the coffee fruits, yet they left the coffee seeds undigested in their
droppings. The natives collected these luwak's coffee seed droppings, then
cleaned, roasted and ground them to make their own coffee beverage. The fame of
aromatic civet coffee spread from locals to Dutch plantation owners and soon
became their favourite, yet because of its rarity and unusual process, the
civet coffee was expensive even during the colonial era.
And now with retail prices reaching
€550 / US$700 per kilogramme, KOPI LUWAK crowned as the most expensive coffee
in the world.
Let's try.....!
All videos Courtesy of YouTube.
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